{"id":12586,"date":"2026-07-23T08:15:43","date_gmt":"2026-07-23T05:15:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/?p=12586"},"modified":"2026-07-22T13:12:09","modified_gmt":"2026-07-22T10:12:09","slug":"gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment\/","title":{"rendered":"Gastric bleeding symptoms, causes, and treatment"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Estimated reading time: 11 minutes 4 seconds<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment\/#What_is_gastric_bleeding_and_what_does_it_mean_clinically\" >What is gastric bleeding and what does it mean clinically?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment\/#What_are_the_symptoms_of_gastric_bleeding_What_do_black_stools_and_vomiting_mean\" >What are the symptoms of gastric bleeding? What do black stools and vomiting mean?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment\/#Signs_of_overt_bleeding_Coffee-ground_vomit_and_tar-coloured_stools\" >Signs of overt bleeding: Coffee-ground vomit and tar-coloured stools<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment\/#Symptoms_of_occult_gastric_bleeding_Anaemia_persistent_fatigue_and_dizziness\" >Symptoms of occult gastric bleeding: Anaemia, persistent fatigue, and dizziness<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment\/#What_causes_gastric_bleeding_Can_spicy_food_or_stress_alone_cause_bleeding\" >What causes gastric bleeding? Can spicy food or stress alone cause bleeding?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment\/#Is_gastric_bleeding_dangerous_Can_it_resolve_on_its_own\" >Is gastric bleeding dangerous? Can it resolve on its own?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment\/#An_important_clinical_detail_to_consider_during_diagnosis\" >An important clinical detail to consider during diagnosis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment\/#Is_an_endoscopy_absolutely_necessary\" >Is an endoscopy absolutely necessary?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment\/#How_is_gastric_bleeding_treated_and_which_methods_are_used\" >How is gastric bleeding treated and which methods are used?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment\/#Warnings_and_recommendations_from_the_gastroenterology_doctors_at_Aktif_International_Hospital\" >Warnings and recommendations from the gastroenterology doctors at Aktif International Hospital<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/gastric-bleeding-symptoms-treatment\/#I_have_experienced_gastric_bleeding_How_should_I_eat\" >I have experienced gastric bleeding. How should I eat?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_gastric_bleeding_and_what_does_it_mean_clinically\"><\/span>What is gastric bleeding and what does it mean clinically?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The condition commonly referred to as gastric bleeding occurs when blood leaks from a blood vessel or tissue on the inner surface of the stomach into the digestive system. However, from a clinical perspective, the bleeding does not always originate solely from the stomach.<\/p>\n<p>Bleeding from the oesophagus, stomach, or duodenum is medically classified as \u201cupper gastrointestinal bleeding.\u201d It may begin suddenly and severely, or it may progress extremely slowly and remain unnoticed. During this process, physical examination, blood tests, and endoscopic examinations play a decisive role in determining the exact source and severity of the bleeding.<\/p>\n<p>In this article, you can find answers to questions you may have about the symptoms and causes of gastric bleeding, how dangerous the condition can be, current treatment methods, and the dietary steps that should be followed afterwards.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_symptoms_of_gastric_bleeding_What_do_black_stools_and_vomiting_mean\"><\/span>What are the symptoms of gastric bleeding? What do black stools and vomiting mean?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The body may produce very clear, or sometimes extremely subtle, warning signs when internal bleeding develops. Although vomiting blood and passing black stools are among the most recognised symptoms of gastric bleeding, not every episode of bleeding is immediately visible.<\/p>\n<p>The speed, volume, and source of the bleeding directly affect how the symptoms appear. From a clinical perspective, dividing the symptoms into two main groups\u2014signs of overt bleeding and symptoms of occult bleeding\u2014can make it easier to understand the patient\u2019s condition.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Signs_of_overt_bleeding_Coffee-ground_vomit_and_tar-coloured_stools\"><\/span>Signs of overt bleeding: Coffee-ground vomit and tar-coloured stools<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>In cases of visible bleeding, the colour of the vomit and stools provides doctors with vital clues about how quickly the bleeding is occurring.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Coffee-ground vomit (haematemesis):<\/strong> The presence of bright red blood in vomit may indicate active and rapid bleeding. Dark brown, granular vomit with a coffee-ground appearance indicates that the blood has come into contact with stomach acid and undergone a chemical change.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Black, tar-coloured stools (melaena):<\/strong> As blood travels through the digestive tract, it reacts with stomach acid, enzymes, and bacteria. As a result, the stools may become loose, sticky, shiny, and tarry black.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In addition to the symptoms above, emergency medical care should be sought immediately if even one of the following signs is present:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fainting, darkening of vision, or severe dizziness<\/li>\n<li>Cold skin and marked paleness<\/li>\n<li>Heart palpitations or a visibly rapid pulse<\/li>\n<li>Confusion or sudden shortness of breath<\/li>\n<li>A large amount of blood in the vomit<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Symptoms_of_occult_gastric_bleeding_Anaemia_persistent_fatigue_and_dizziness\"><\/span>Symptoms of occult gastric bleeding: Anaemia, persistent fatigue, and dizziness<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Not every episode of bleeding produces obvious symptoms. In cases of occult gastric bleeding, there may be no visible blood in the vomit or black stools. Small amounts of blood leaking from the stomach lining may gradually accumulate, depleting the body\u2019s iron stores. A person may eventually consult a doctor not because of a stomach complaint, but because of unexplained anaemia or a persistent feeling of exhaustion.<\/p>\n<p>The most common symptoms of slow and hidden bleeding include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chronic fatigue and weakness that persist throughout the day and do not improve with rest<\/li>\n<li>Dizziness and darkening of vision when standing up from a seated position<\/li>\n<li>Paleness of the skin, inner lips, and edges of the nails<\/li>\n<li>Shortness of breath when climbing stairs or taking a light walk<\/li>\n<li>A rapid or irregular heartbeat<\/li>\n<li>Difficulty concentrating and reduced exercise capacity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The haemoglobin level may not decrease immediately in a blood test performed during the first few hours of bleeding. Laboratory results may appear misleadingly normal until the body adjusts its fluid balance. For this reason, a specialist does not base the decision on a single blood test result alone. The patient\u2019s blood pressure, pulse, and overall clinical condition are also evaluated.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_causes_gastric_bleeding_Can_spicy_food_or_stress_alone_cause_bleeding\"><\/span>What causes gastric bleeding? Can spicy food or stress alone cause bleeding?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>One of the most common myths about gastric bleeding is that eating very spicy food or experiencing severe stress can directly cause it. In reality, a heavily spiced meal or the pressures of daily life alone are not enough to make a healthy stomach lining bleed.<\/p>\n<p>Although spicy foods and everyday anxiety may aggravate existing gastritis or reflux and cause burning or pain in the stomach, they do not directly initiate the type of bleeding discussed in this article.<\/p>\n<p>Since the factors listed above are not direct causes, the question is: What causes gastric bleeding, and what are the actual clinical factors behind it?<\/p>\n<p>The main causes of bleeding in the stomach and upper digestive system include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Stomach and duodenal ulcers:<\/strong> These are the most common causes of bleeding. When sores caused by disruption of the stomach\u2019s acid balance reach the blood vessels beneath the tissue, bleeding begins.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Helicobacter pylori infection:<\/strong> This bacterium can silently cause chronic inflammation in the stomach tissue and is one of the most important factors directly increasing the risk of ulcers and bleeding.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Inappropriate use of painkillers:<\/strong> Commonly used anti-inflammatory medications, including certain painkillers and aspirin, can weaken the stomach\u2019s protective lining and are among the leading causes of gastric bleeding.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Blood-thinning medications:<\/strong> Although these medications do not usually create a new wound on their own, they can turn a minor existing leak or stomach ulcer into bleeding that is difficult to stop.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gastritis:<\/strong> Heavy alcohol consumption, bile reflux, and chemical irritation may cause superficial damage to the stomach lining.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tears caused by severe vomiting:<\/strong> Repeated episodes of forceful and severe vomiting may cause tears in the tissue where the oesophagus and stomach meet.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Oesophageal and gastric varices:<\/strong> Enlarged blood vessels, which generally develop due to liver disease, may suddenly rupture as pressure increases and cause severe bleeding.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Polyps and tumorous growths:<\/strong> Benign or malignant masses and vascular abnormalities in the digestive system may also be sources of hidden bleeding.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Is_gastric_bleeding_dangerous_Can_it_resolve_on_its_own\"><\/span>Is gastric bleeding dangerous? Can it resolve on its own?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The answer to the question \u201cIs gastric bleeding dangerous?\u201d is definitely yes. When bleeding develops rapidly and severely, the volume of blood in the body may fall suddenly. This may lead to low blood pressure, inadequate oxygen supply to vital organs, and shock. Without timely medical intervention, concerns about whether gastric bleeding can be fatal may unfortunately become a reality.<\/p>\n<p>Not every episode of bleeding progresses at the same rate. However, the severity of the condition cannot be determined at home. Emergency medical assistance should be requested immediately, particularly if any of the following symptoms develop:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Severe vomiting of blood or vomit with a coffee-ground appearance<\/li>\n<li>Tarry, shiny, and foul-smelling black stools<\/li>\n<li>Fainting, confusion, or severe dizziness<\/li>\n<li>Cold sweating, extreme paleness, and a weak pulse<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>One of the most dangerous mistakes patients make is waiting for the symptoms to improve because they believe the gastric bleeding will resolve on its own. The symptoms may indeed temporarily lessen, but the reason may not be what the patient assumes.<\/p>\n<p>The body\u2019s clotting mechanism may temporarily stop or slow the bleeding. However, this does not mean that the underlying ulcer or vascular damage has healed. Each time stomach acid comes into contact with the wound, the bleeding may restart much more severely.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"An_important_clinical_detail_to_consider_during_diagnosis\"><\/span>An important clinical detail to consider during diagnosis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The question \u201cHow is gastric bleeding diagnosed?\u201d cannot be answered by looking at a single test result or symptom. The onset of the symptoms, blood pressure and pulse measurements, medications being used, and laboratory results are assessed together by a specialist. The first priority is always to stabilise the patient\u2019s general condition and circulation. Diagnostic and treatment procedures begin after the blood pressure and pulse have been brought under control.<\/p>\n<p>A complete blood count is initially performed to assess haemoglobin levels. However, there is a very important clinical detail that patients should know: blood test results obtained during the first few hours of acute bleeding may be completely normal. Because the body has not yet adjusted its fluid balance, the initial results may be misleading. Therefore, a single normal blood test result does not completely rule out bleeding.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Is_an_endoscopy_absolutely_necessary\"><\/span>Is an endoscopy absolutely necessary?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Despite advances in technology, patients may still have certain concerns. For this reason, many people with suspected gastric bleeding may worry and ask, \u201cIs an endoscopy absolutely necessary?\u201d Endoscopy, which is used in suspected cases of gastric bleeding, is not merely an imaging method for examining the stomach.<\/p>\n<p>It is also a vital treatment tool that can stop bleeding immediately by placing a clip on the bleeding vessel, administering an injection, or using thermal techniques. An endoscopy is not required for every episode of heartburn or simple indigestion. However, when bleeding develops rapidly, endoscopy becomes an urgent necessity that cannot be postponed.<\/p>\n<p>From a medical perspective, it is recommended that patients with active bleeding whose general condition is stable undergo an endoscopy within the first 24 hours. If endoscopy is insufficient or the source of bleeding cannot be identified in the upper digestive system, alternative methods such as angiography and computed tomography may be used.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_is_gastric_bleeding_treated_and_which_methods_are_used\"><\/span>How is gastric bleeding treated and which methods are used?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Two opposing misconceptions are common among the public: \u201cGastric bleeding will stop immediately with a single medication\u201d and \u201cA person with gastric bleeding will definitely need surgery.\u201d In reality, gastric bleeding treatment is a step-by-step clinical process planned according to the source and severity of the bleeding.<\/p>\n<p>The main treatment methods applied in stages are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Stabilising circulation and initial intervention:<\/strong> The first aim of treatment is to replace the blood and fluids lost by the body before attempting to stop the bleeding. Intravenous access is established promptly, fluids are administered, and a blood transfusion may be performed when necessary to prevent vital organs from being deprived of oxygen.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Acid-suppressing treatment:<\/strong> High levels of acid in the stomach may dissolve the clots formed by the body to stop the bleeding. For this reason, high-dose acid-suppressing medications are administered intravenously. Reducing acidity in the stomach helps the clot remain attached and allows the tissue to heal.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Endoscopic intervention:<\/strong> Today, surgery is not required in the vast majority of cases. As mentioned above, endoscopy does not only establish the diagnosis; it is also the primary treatment method used to stop the bleeding immediately. During the procedure, a mechanical clip may be placed on the bleeding vessel, the vessel may be cauterised and sealed using heat or laser techniques, or it may be closed using band ligation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Surgery:<\/strong> Today, surgery is used only as a last resort when the bleeding cannot be controlled by any other method or when a perforation has developed in the stomach wall. During the procedure, the bleeding vessel may be tied off, the ulcerated area may be repaired, or a limited part of the stomach may be removed depending on the cause of the bleeding.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Warnings_and_recommendations_from_the_gastroenterology_doctors_at_Aktif_International_Hospital\"><\/span>Warnings and recommendations from the gastroenterology doctors at Aktif International Hospital<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In patients who have experienced gastric bleeding, stopping the bleeding unfortunately does not mean that the underlying health problem has been completely resolved. If an ulcer, Helicobacter pylori infection, inappropriate medication use, or vascular condition is not treated at its source, there is a risk that the bleeding may recur.<\/p>\n<p>For this reason, our doctors summarise the critical points patients should consider after discharge as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>When leaving the hospital, make sure you take your endoscopy report, biopsy results if available, and a list of all medications you are using. Bringing these documents to follow-up examinations will allow your doctor to manage the process much more quickly and accurately.<\/li>\n<li>Aspirin, blood-thinning medications, and anti-inflammatory painkillers may directly affect the risk of recurrent bleeding. However, patients with cardiovascular conditions must never stop these medications on their own because of concerns about bleeding and should always consult their doctor.<\/li>\n<li>Even if your stomach pain or fatigue has completely resolved, do not neglect the recommended blood tests. The return of haemoglobin levels to normal does not guarantee that the body\u2019s iron stores have been replenished. Unexplained anaemia and iron deficiency may be signs of hidden bleeding that cannot be seen with the naked eye.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"I_have_experienced_gastric_bleeding_How_should_I_eat\"><\/span>I have experienced gastric bleeding. How should I eat?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>After discharge, the first questions patients usually ask are, \u201cWhat should a person who has experienced gastric bleeding eat?\u201d or \u201cWill I have to live on soup from now on?\u201d Lifelong strict dietary restrictions are not required after gastric bleeding. However, following a gradual eating plan during the first few days is extremely important to avoid straining the healing stomach tissue and to support tissue repair.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>During the first few hours after an endoscopic intervention, clear liquids such as lukewarm water and smooth, low-fat soups may be introduced under the guidance of your doctor. If the stomach tolerates these well, pur\u00e9ed and soft solid foods can gradually be added.<\/li>\n<li>Options that are gentle on the stomach and are unlikely to stimulate acid production, such as boiled eggs, low-salt and low-fat white cheese, oatmeal, bananas, and lukewarm linden tea, may be suitable during the first few days.<\/li>\n<li>Boiled potatoes, rice porridge, well-cooked vegetable dishes, and light sources of protein such as boiled chicken or fish may gradually be added to meals.<\/li>\n<li>Instead of eating large portions at one time, choosing small, frequent meals spread throughout the day and chewing food thoroughly can help prevent bloating and burning.<\/li>\n<li>Spicy foods, seasonings, coffee, chocolate, and acidic foods do not initiate bleeding from nothing. However, they may irritate the sensitive stomach lining and trigger burning or pain. It is therefore sufficient to temporarily limit foods that cause discomfort for you personally.<\/li>\n<li>Alcohol and smoking directly interfere with the healing of stomach tissue and increase the risk of bleeding. They are therefore among the main factors that should be strictly avoided.<\/li>\n<li>If anaemia has developed due to blood loss, eating only red meat or spinach may not be sufficient. Your doctor may prescribe an iron supplement to treat the anaemia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The most important ways to prevent gastric bleeding from recurring are to complete the prescribed course of antibiotics, take acid-suppressing medications regularly, and never discontinue blood-thinning medications without consulting your doctor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Estimated reading time: 11 minutes 4 seconds What is gastric bleeding and what does it mean clinically? The condition commonly referred to as gastric bleeding occurs when blood leaks from a blood vessel or tissue on the inner surface of the stomach into the digestive system. However, from a clinical perspective, the bleeding does not [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12587,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12586","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12586","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12586"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12586\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12588,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12586\/revisions\/12588"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}