{"id":11453,"date":"2025-10-21T15:50:27","date_gmt":"2025-10-21T12:50:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/?p=11453"},"modified":"2025-10-21T15:50:27","modified_gmt":"2025-10-21T12:50:27","slug":"what-is-pancreatic-cancer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/what-is-pancreatic-cancer\/","title":{"rendered":"What is pancreatic cancer?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Estimated reading time: 9 minutes 22 seconds<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/what-is-pancreatic-cancer\/#What_is_the_pancreas\" title=\"What is the pancreas?\">What is the pancreas?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/what-is-pancreatic-cancer\/#What_does_the_pancreas_do\" title=\"What does the pancreas do?\">What does the pancreas do?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/what-is-pancreatic-cancer\/#What_is_pancreatic_cancer\" title=\"What is pancreatic cancer?\">What is pancreatic cancer?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/what-is-pancreatic-cancer\/#What_causes_pancreatic_cancer\" title=\"What causes pancreatic cancer?\">What causes pancreatic cancer?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/what-is-pancreatic-cancer\/#What_are_the_symptoms_of_pancreatic_cancer\" title=\"What are the symptoms of pancreatic cancer?\">What are the symptoms of pancreatic cancer?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/what-is-pancreatic-cancer\/#Where_does_itching_occur_in_pancreatic_cancer\" title=\"Where does itching occur in pancreatic cancer?\">Where does itching occur in pancreatic cancer?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/what-is-pancreatic-cancer\/#How_is_pancreatic_cancer_treated\" title=\"How is pancreatic cancer treated?\">How is pancreatic cancer treated?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/what-is-pancreatic-cancer\/#What_should_people_with_pancreatic_cancer_be_aware_of\" title=\"What should people with pancreatic cancer be aware of?\">What should people with pancreatic cancer be aware of?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_the_pancreas\"><\/span>What is the pancreas?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The pancreas is an organ located in the back of the abdominal cavity, extending from the liver to the spleen, and is approximately 15 cm long. Although it does not occupy much space in the body, this organ plays a critical role in both the digestive and endocrine systems.<\/p>\n<p>The role of the pancreas in the digestive system is to secrete digestive enzymes that help break down food and send them to the small intestine. In this way, fats, carbohydrates, and proteins found in food and liquids entering the body are broken down and stored.<\/p>\n<p>The pancreas also secretes insulin and glycogen hormones in the endocrine system. This regulates blood sugar levels in the body. Anatomically, the pancreas consists of three parts: the head, body, and tail. Located near the duodenum and liver, the pancreas efficiently delivers digestive enzymes and hormones to the appropriate systems.<\/p>\n<p>Although less well known than many other organs, the pancreas is no less important than any other organ. Problems with the functioning of the pancreas can lead to serious health problems such as diabetes, pancreatitis, or pancreatic cancer.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_does_the_pancreas_do\"><\/span>What does the pancreas do?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>When considering the functions of the pancreas in our body from a functional perspective, we can divide them into two groups: exocrine and endocrine. Exocrine refers to the digestive functions of the pancreas, while endocrine refers to its hormonal functions.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Exocrine function:<\/strong> The digestion of the food we consume would not be possible without the breakdown of nutrients. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes that break down the food we eat. These enzymes are released into the small intestine, facilitating the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in our food.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Endocrine function:<\/strong> The pancreas also contains clusters of cells known as Langerhans islets, which release hormones such as insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream. These hormones are responsible for regulating blood sugar levels and energy balance in the body.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Consider how important digestion is for your body, or how you feel when your blood sugar drops&#8230; If the pancreas does not function properly, it can lead to serious disruptions in digestion and glucose metabolism, as well as various health problems such as diabetes and malnutrition.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_pancreatic_cancer\"><\/span>What is pancreatic cancer?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Pancreatic cancer occurs when cells in the pancreas undergo mutations and begin to multiply uncontrollably, resulting in the formation of a malignant tumor. Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive type of cancer, and its symptoms are often difficult to detect in the early stages. At this stage, it is also generally not possible to detect the cancer using imaging techniques. Therefore, it may not be detected until the cancer has spread and metastasized. Scientists continue to work on ways to enable early diagnosis. It seems that there is still much to learn in this area.<\/p>\n<p>Pancreatic cancer usually begins in the pancreatic ducts. There are two main types of cancer in the pancreas: exocrine tumors (the most common, including adenocarcinomas) and endocrine tumors (neuroendocrine tumors). These two types of cancer can behave differently. However, in both cases, if not treated early, it can seriously impair the function of the pancreas and spread to other parts of the body. Therefore, it is extremely important to monitor the condition with a multidisciplinary approach and to diagnose pancreatic cancer as early as possible.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_causes_pancreatic_cancer\"><\/span>What causes pancreatic cancer?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>We mentioned that pancreatic cancer is not visible on imaging devices in its early stages. Another question we are not sure about regarding this type of cancer is its cause. But still, although the exact cause of pancreatic cancer is not yet known, research has identified some risk factors. These factors can be listed as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Genetic predisposition:<\/strong> A family history of pancreatic cancer or other types of cancer may increase the risk.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chronic inflammation:<\/strong> Long-term pancreatitis, especially those caused by excessive alcohol consumption, may increase the likelihood of developing cancer.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Smoking:<\/strong> Tobacco use is one of the most important lifestyle-related risk factors.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Obesity:<\/strong> Excess weight or obesity can increase insulin levels and inflammation, both of which contribute to cancer risk.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diabetes:<\/strong> A link has been observed between long-term type 2 diabetes and the incidence of pancreatic cancer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The factors listed above do not necessarily mean that a person will develop cancer. However, the presence of these factors may be important warning signs that a person should undergo early screening and imaging.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_symptoms_of_pancreatic_cancer\"><\/span>What are the symptoms of pancreatic cancer?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Pancreatic cancer may not be detected until it has spread significantly. Symptoms usually appear when the cancer has progressed significantly. However, the symptoms that do appear may be similar to those seen in other diseases. This may delay the process of noticing the problem, going to a health center, and therefore the diagnosis.<\/p>\n<p>Some common symptoms of pancreatic cancer are listed below:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Abdominal or back pain:<\/strong> This pain, which is usually dull and persistent, may spread from the pancreas to the back.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Unexpected weight loss:<\/strong> This may be a sign of metabolic changes caused by the tumor.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Loss of appetite:<\/strong> Feeling full quickly or a complete lack of interest in food.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jaundice:<\/strong> This is usually caused by a tumor in the head of the pancreas blocking the bile duct, leading to yellowing of the skin and eyes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nausea and vomiting:<\/strong> Especially after meals, due to blockage or indigestion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dark-colored urine and\/or pale-colored stools may also be present.<\/p>\n<p>These symptoms can also be seen in other health conditions. However, if several of these symptoms occur together, it may be necessary to seek medical attention.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Where_does_itching_occur_in_pancreatic_cancer\"><\/span>Where does itching occur in pancreatic cancer?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Itching in pancreatic cancer is usually seen on the hands, feet, arms, or legs. The itching in these areas can be severe. This condition is also related to jaundice. This is because the bile duct is blocked by a tumor. This negatively affects healthy blood circulation, and bile salts begin to accumulate in the area.<\/p>\n<p>Intense and persistent itching may sometimes appear before jaundice symptoms. When we experience itching in certain areas of our body, we often tend to associate it with dermatological issues. However, if the itching is accompanied by other symptoms such as jaundice or darkening of urine, it is important to remember that a more detailed medical evaluation may be necessary.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_is_pancreatic_cancer_treated\"><\/span>How is pancreatic cancer treated?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>We mentioned that pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose because it is not visible in imaging tests and can progress to advanced stages. Due to its late diagnosis, it is best to proceed with a multidisciplinary approach in treatment. Additionally, the treatment process may be influenced by various factors such as the individual&#8217;s overall health, the type and size of the tumor, and the exact stage of the disease.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Surgery:<\/strong> If the cancer is diagnosed early and has not spread too much, removing the tumor with a surgical method such as the Whipple procedure is the best treatment option.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chemotherapy:<\/strong> Chemotherapy is used before (neoadjuvant) or after (adjuvant) surgery to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Radiation therapy:<\/strong> Often used in combination with chemotherapy, radiation helps target cancer cells in or near the pancreas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Targeted therapy and immunotherapy:<\/strong> These new treatments may be used in selected cases, especially in patients with certain genetic mutations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Palliative care is also an important part of treatment and helps manage symptoms and improve quality of life.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_should_people_with_pancreatic_cancer_be_aware_of\"><\/span>What should people with pancreatic cancer be aware of?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Receiving a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer can be emotionally overwhelming. However, as with all types of cancer, it is best to stay positive and start fighting the disease as soon as possible. During this process, you should educate yourself about the disease and begin treatment as soon as possible.<\/p>\n<p>Here are a few important points to keep in mind when fighting cancer:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Watch for new symptoms:<\/strong> Pain, digestive changes, fatigue, or mood changes should be reported immediately to your doctor and healthcare team.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nutrition is very important:<\/strong> Many people with pancreatic cancer struggle with digestion problems and weight loss. Therefore, following a dietitian&#8217;s recommendations can be very valuable during this process.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mental and emotional health is important:<\/strong> Seeking help from a therapist or support group can help you cope with the emotional burden of the disease.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Regular follow-up:<\/strong> It is very important to keep medical appointments and imaging schedules to monitor the response to treatment and the progression of the disease.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Healthy lifestyle:<\/strong> A healthy diet, appropriate exercise, and avoiding substances such as tobacco and alcohol are also very important for maintaining your overall health during this process.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Individuals diagnosed with cancer and their loved ones need to develop awareness about the disease. Maintaining a positive outlook and receiving support from loved ones are essential measures that should not be overlooked to manage this process successfully.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Estimated reading time: 9 minutes 22 seconds What is the pancreas? The pancreas is an organ located in the back of the abdominal cavity, extending from the liver to the spleen, and is approximately 15 cm long. Although it does not occupy much space in the body, this organ plays a critical role in both [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11454,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11453","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11453","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11453"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11453\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11455,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11453\/revisions\/11455"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11454"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11453"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11453"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aktifinternational.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11453"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}